TPACK is a framework that promotes quality technology learning. This framework consists of three sections; content knowledge, pedagogical knowledge and technological knowledge. These three sections overlap each other to inform teaching.
CK= content knowledge. Teachers knowledge about the subject to be learned or taught. This knowledge includes concepts, theories, ideas, proof, organizational frameworks, and evidence as well as learned approaches and established practices towards developing knowledge. The content knowledge for an art lesson where the learning intention is to draw a cat would be knowing how and what a pencil is for. Teachers would have to know how to shade, sketch and draw the complete cat.If teachers do not have correct content knowledgethen they are more likely to confuse or misguide students. PK=Pedagogical knowledge.The teacher's deep knowledge of how to teach and learn. This means the teacher’s knowledge about practices and methods. This applies to knowing how students learn, class management, assessment skills, and lesson planning. A teacher with a deep pedagogical understanding knows how the students construct knowledge and acquire skills and how they develop habitsof mind and positive dispositions about learning.Pedagogical knowledge requires that the teacher knows about developmental processes and cognitive, social and developmental theories of learning and how they apply to students.
PCK= Pedagogical content knowledge. This refers to pedagogical knowledge that applies specifically to content. For example, there might be different pedagogies that you might use specifically for teaching outside. Such as when explaining a concept or skill, it helps to have the students facing out of the sun. This is where it is important to combine knowledge of the subject and curriculum with your teaching practices and methods to generate ideas on how to best present the content. It is effective to combine prior knowledge with new knowledge to make strong connections.
TK= Technology knowledge Technology knowledge is always changing and this makes it hard to define. Technology knowledge needs to be constantly updated and revised. The goal of technology knowledge is that the individual will be able to decide if a tool is advancing or impleading the completion of one's goal. Acquiring technology knowledge is a lifelong journey.
TCK= Technological content knowledge. Technology and content have had a long connection through medicine, history, archeology, and physics. These fields of knowledge improved with the help of technology but technology also had an impact on the way those fields have progressed.Technological advances have created new metaphors to view the world such as viewing the heart as a pump or the brain as a data analyzing system. Within the school the types of technologies can change/improve or limit the choices of representation of learning for students. How does technology and content constrain one another? How can the subject matter be taught in the use of technology? How can you deliver the learning? PowerPoint? Worksheet? Video? Google classroom?
TPK=Technological pedagogical knowledge How teaching and learning can change when particular technologies are used in particular ways. For example, how is learning occurring when the teacher is using a whiteboard? Is she directing learning and all the students are watching her way? Could there be teams of students working and running up to the whiteboard to add an answer? Teachers need to think flexibly and see everything as able to be appropriated to be a teaching tool.
TPCK= Technological pedagogical content knowledge. Requires a knowledge of technology knowledge, content knowledge and pedagogical knowledge all together. Tpck is a combined understanding of how these three elements work together. This serves to create an inclusive methodology for teachers to learn from. This means that teaching and learning by this model is constructed through the interweaving of content relating with technology and technology relating to pedagogy and so forth.
Reference list:
Koehler, M. J., Mishra, P., & Cain, W. (2013). What is technological pedagogical content knowledge (TPACK)? The Journal of Education, 193(3), 13-19.